left to the maximum element in nums and right to the sum of all elements in nums.left is less than or equal to right, perform the following steps:
a. Calculate mid as the average of left and right.
b. Determine if it's possible to split nums into k or fewer subarrays where each subarray sum is no greater than mid.
c. If it is possible, update right to mid - 1 and record mid as a potential answer.
d. If it is not possible, update left to mid + 1.